(1) '-어요' is a polite,
informal ending(c.f. pp.52, 68)
(2) '-어요' follows syllables containing the vowels
'어' '여' '우'
'유' '으' '이' ('Yin' or dark
vowels).
있ㅣ
있ㅣ
없ㅣ
없ㅣ
어요?
어요.
어요?
어요.
Do you have (it)?
I have (it).
Don't you have (it)?
I don't have (it)
2. -이오.
(1) '-이오?' is a polite
ending meaning "You are talking about-?
(2) '-이오' is used when asking for or giving confirmation
or
repetition.
(3) '-이오' follows nouns which end with a consonant.
그 사람ㅣ
그 사람ㅣ
이 책ㅣ
이 책ㅣ
이오?
이오.
이오?
이오.
You are talking
about him?
I am talking about him.
You mean this book?
I mean that book.
3. -은
(1) '-은' is used for
emphasizing a subject or an object.
It also marks the general topic of the sentence.
(2) '-은' follows syllables that end with a consonant.
없어요.
신문 없어요.
신문은 없어요.
여기 신문은 없어요.
There isn't.
I don't have a newspaper.
I don't have a newspaper.
(but I might have something else).
There aren't any newspapers here.
(but there might be some other things).
